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| Author and Title |
Wald, E. R. (1994) Microbiology of Acute and Chronic Sinusitis. |
| Article in |
Immunology and allergy clinics of North America, 14 (1), 31. |
| Available online at |
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| End use |
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| Energy technology |
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| Issue |
Viral Infection, Women: Exposure, Risk and Health Effects |
| Level |
Research |
| Description |
The microbiology of paranasal sinus infections can be anticipated according to the patient's age, clinical presentation, and immunocompetency. In acute sinus disease, viral upper respiratory infections frequently precede bacterial superinfection by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis. Staphylococci and respiratory anaerobes are common in chronic sinus infection, which also may be caused by the exacerbation of infection with the bacterial species that causes acute disease. Enterobacteriaceae may be found in patients with nosocomial sinusitis caused by prolonged nasogastric and nasotracheal intubation. Finally, fungi may cause chronic disease in immunocompetent hosts or acute infection in immunocompromised patients. |
This bibliography item comes from the "Broad-search Annotated Bibliography on Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) and Indoor Air Pollution (With Emphasis on Children Under Five in Developing Countries)", December 1998, Prepared by Daniel M. Kammen, Gemini Wahhaj, and Maame Yaa Yiadom, under EHP Activity No. 263-CC (with support of USAID). Used with permission.
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